Further information: Outline of psychology and Index of psychology articles
Psychology is an academic and applied discipline that involves the scientific study of mental functions andbehaviors.[1][2] Psychology has the immediate goal of understanding individuals and groups by both establishing general principles and researching specific cases,[3][4] and by many accounts it ultimately aims to benefit society.[5][6] In this field, a professional practitioner or researcher is called a psychologist and can be classified as a social, behavioral, orcognitive scientist. Psychologists attempt to understand the role of mental functions in individual andsocial behavior, while also exploring thephysiological and biological processes that underlie cognitive functions and behaviors.
Psychologists explore concepts such asperception, cognition, attention,emotion, intelligence, phenomenology,motivation, brain functioning,personality, behavior, and interpersonal relationships, including psychological resilience, family resilience, and other areas. Psychologists of diverse orientations also consider theunconscious mind.[7] Psychologists employ empirical methods to infercausal and correlational relationships between psychosocial variables. Inaddition, or in opposition, to employingempirical and deductive methods, some—especially clinical and counselingpsychologists—at times rely uponsymbolic interpretation and otherinductive techniques. Psychology has been described as a "hub science",[8]with psychological findings linking to research and perspectives from the social sciences, natural sciences,medicine, and the humanities, such asphilosophy.
While psychological knowledge is often applied to the assessment andtreatment of mental health problems, it is also directed towards understanding and solving problems in many different spheres of human activity. The majority of psychologists are involved in some kind of therapeutic role, practicing in clinical, counseling, or school settings. Many do scientific research on a wide range of topics related to mental processes and behavior, and typically work in university psychology departments or teach in other academic settings (e.g., medical schools, hospitals). Some are employed inindustrial and organizational settings, or in other areas[9] such as human development and aging, sports, health, and the media, as well as in forensicinvestigation and other aspects of law.
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